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Tigray is incredibly rich in history. The state can trace its roots back to one of the first civilizations in the region, with Emperors once ruling as early as the 5th century.
For centuries, the region played a major role in Christianity. Tigray was once the epicentre of the great ancient Axumite kingdom and the historic settlements of Axum, the kingdom’s capital. It is also the place of Yeha, a crumbling town of great importance, and Adwa, the location of the battle in the late 19th century in which the Italian army was conquered.
This rapidly industrializing region hosts many historical sites which date back to the 2nd century. Some of the great attractions of Tigray are its hundreds of ancient rock hewn churches, a number of which have been built into dauntingly high caves in the cliffs. Reaching these monuments is an unforgettable adventure.
The rolling landscape of the Tigray region seems to leap from some long-lost African legend. The glowing light of the sun cleanses scattered jagged peaks that rise into the sky out of the sandy arid floor. These high rising plateaus evoke comparisons with the deserts of Arizona.
Very different from the famous rock-hewn churches of Lalibela, the Tigrayan churches are carved from cliff faces, built into pre-existing caves or constructed high atop some implausible perch – scrambling up may not be for the timid traveller, but the rewards are certainly worthwhile.
There are over 100 marked-out churches within the Tigray region, categorized into five main groups. The most famous of which are the Gheralta church cluster close to the small town of Hawzen in the eastern region of Tigray.
The Gheralta cluster of churches are the most impressive. The scenery and sheer expedition of it all that makes this trip worthwhile. Visiting some of these churches involve climbing rock faces and navigating rocky passes up the plateaus.
Debredamo Monastery Perched atop a steep cliff, Debre Damo is a 6th-century monastery known for its collection of manuscripts and its early Aksumite architecture.
Yeha Temple
This ancient temple, located near Axum, is believed to be one of the oldest man-made structures in Africa. It provides valuable insights into the region’s early history.
Negash Al Nejashi Mosque: Negash is a historically significant village that was once home to the first Islamic settlement in Africa. The Al Nejashi Mosque is a testament to this early Islamic presence in Ethiopia.
Ashenda in Tigray is a holiday like no other. This remarkable festival marks the end of a two-week-long fast known as Filseta and is a time for women to dress up in cultural clothes head out to the streets, singing and playing drums.
It is customary for onlookers to reward them a few birr for their efforts. A week or so after the celebrations start, the event comes to an end with all the girls from the village coming together for more singing and dancing until sundown.
Hidar Tsion is a significant Ethiopian Orthodox Christian festival held annually in the historic city of Axum, Tigray. It commemorates the day when the Ark of the Covenant was brought to Axum by King Menelik I. This sacred relic is believed to be housed within the Church of St. Mary of Zion in Axum.
Timkat: The Ethiopian Epiphany celebration, Timkat, is a colorful and joyous event. It features processions, blessings, and immersion in holy water.
Meskel: The Feast of the Cross, Meskel, is a significant religious holiday marked by bonfires and processions.